Glossary

Welcome to your comprehensive guide to the language of the art world. Navigating this industry requires a unique vocabulary that bridges the gap between creative expression and technical precision.

Whether you are deciphering the nuances of an art history movement, coordinating the complex logistics of international transport, or implementing sustainability initiatives for a low-carbon art fair presence, clarity is key.

This glossary provides a curated roadmap through the essential terminology of art handling and operations, ensuring that collectors, curators, and logistics professionals alike can speak the same language. From the white-glove standards of the gallery floor to the rugged requirements of the shipping crate, you’ll find the definitions you need to master the art of the trade.

Airside supervision

A service where a logistics agent physically watches the artwork being loaded onto or unloaded from an aircraft on the tarmac.

Operations

Airside supervision

A service where a logistics agent physically watches the artwork being loaded onto or unloaded from an aircraft on the tarmac.

Operations

Anti-corruption & ethics

Strict policies preventing bribery, conflicts of interest, or unethical behaviour in the procurement of logistics contracts.

Sustainability

Anti-corruption & ethics

Strict policies preventing bribery, conflicts of interest, or unethical behaviour in the procurement of logistics contracts.

Sustainability

Art handler / Art technician

A trained professional who specialises in the physical handling, packing, and installation of artworks.

Operations

Art handler / Art technician

A trained professional who specialises in the physical handling, packing, and installation of artworks.

Operations

Bill of Lading ('BOL' or 'B/L')

A legal document between the shipper and the carrier detailing the type, quantity, and destination of the goods.

Sustainability

Bill of Lading ('BOL' or 'B/L')

A legal document between the shipper and the carrier detailing the type, quantity, and destination of the goods.

Sustainability

Biodegradable vs. compostable

  • Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally over time (though sometimes leaving residue).

  • Compostable: Breaks down into organic matter under specific conditions without leaving toxins.

Sustainability

Biodegradable vs. compostable

  • Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally over time (though sometimes leaving residue).

  • Compostable: Breaks down into organic matter under specific conditions without leaving toxins.

Sustainability

Bonded Warehouse

A secure facility where goods can be stored without paying duties or taxes until the items are officially "entered" into the country.

Art Storage

Bonded Warehouse

A secure facility where goods can be stored without paying duties or taxes until the items are officially "entered" into the country.

Art Storage

Capacity building

Continuous training of Eythos' team, such as specialised training in museum-standard packing or forklift driving licences.

Sustainability

Capacity building

Continuous training of Eythos' team, such as specialised training in museum-standard packing or forklift driving licences.

Sustainability

Carbon footprint

The total amount of greenhouse gases (including methane and carbon dioxide) generated by our actions related to Scope 1, 2 and 3.

Sustainability

Carbon footprint

The total amount of greenhouse gases (including methane and carbon dioxide) generated by our actions related to Scope 1, 2 and 3.

Sustainability

Carbon neutrality

Refers to achieving a state in which the greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere are balanced by an equivalent amount being removed.

Sustainability

Carbon neutrality

Refers to achieving a state in which the greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere are balanced by an equivalent amount being removed.

Sustainability

Carbon offset

Refers to a tradable credit representing the removal or prevention of one tonne of CO2. Companies buy them to balance unavoidable emissions by funding external environmental projects certified by third party auditors such as Gold Standard or Verra.

Sustainability

Carbon offset

Refers to a tradable credit representing the removal or prevention of one tonne of CO2. Companies buy them to balance unavoidable emissions by funding external environmental projects certified by third party auditors such as Gold Standard or Verra.

Sustainability

Certificate of Insurance (COI)

Proof that the artwork is covered against loss or damage during the logistical process.

Operations

Certificate of Insurance (COI)

Proof that the artwork is covered against loss or damage during the logistical process.

Operations

Climate control

Maintaining specific temperature and humidity levels (typically 21°C and 50% relative humidity) within a vehicle or warehouse to prevent material degradation.

Art Storage

Climate control

Maintaining specific temperature and humidity levels (typically 21°C and 50% relative humidity) within a vehicle or warehouse to prevent material degradation.

Art Storage

Climate crate

The Eythos Climate Crate is a premium solution engineered for artworks sensitive to temperature and humidity fluctuations. Its multi-layer plywood walls are internally coated with vapour barriers, thermal insulation foam, and hygroscopic panels. Optional inclusion of Silica gel compartments, hygrothermographs, and data loggers provides real-time monitoring.

It is designed to withstand both air freight and long-term storage in uncontrolled environments.

Fabrication

Climate crate

The Eythos Climate Crate is a premium solution engineered for artworks sensitive to temperature and humidity fluctuations. Its multi-layer plywood walls are internally coated with vapour barriers, thermal insulation foam, and hygroscopic panels. Optional inclusion of Silica gel compartments, hygrothermographs, and data loggers provides real-time monitoring.

It is designed to withstand both air freight and long-term storage in uncontrolled environments.

Fabrication

Closed-loop recycling

A process where a product is recycled back into itself (e.g., used polyethylene foam processed back into new foam liners).

Sustainability

Closed-loop recycling

A process where a product is recycled back into itself (e.g., used polyethylene foam processed back into new foam liners).

Sustainability

Compliance

Adhering to local Hong Kong and South Korea laws (like the Labour Ordinance) and international industry standards (such as the GCC guidelines).

Sustainability

Compliance

Adhering to local Hong Kong and South Korea laws (like the Labour Ordinance) and international industry standards (such as the GCC guidelines).

Sustainability

Condition report

A detailed document (often including photos) that records the physical state of an artwork before and after transit to track any potential damage.

Operations

Condition report

A detailed document (often including photos) that records the physical state of an artwork before and after transit to track any potential damage.

Operations

Consolidated shipping

Combining multiple smaller shipments into one larger shipment to maximize space use and reduce the total carbon footprint per artwork.

Sustainability

Consolidated shipping

Combining multiple smaller shipments into one larger shipment to maximize space use and reduce the total carbon footprint per artwork.

Sustainability

Consolidation

Combining multiple shipments from different clients into one vehicle or container to reduce costs.

Operations

Consolidation

Combining multiple shipments from different clients into one vehicle or container to reduce costs.

Operations

Corporate governance

The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. It ensures the interests of stakeholders (clients, employees, and the environment) are balanced.

Sustainability

Corporate governance

The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. It ensures the interests of stakeholders (clients, employees, and the environment) are balanced.

Sustainability

Courier

A representative (often from a museum, but Eythos offers this too for galleries and collectors) who travels with the artwork to oversee every stage of the loading, transit, and installation.

Operations

Courier

A representative (often from a museum, but Eythos offers this too for galleries and collectors) who travels with the artwork to oversee every stage of the loading, transit, and installation.

Operations

Crating

The process of building a custom-engineered wooden box (often heat-treated and ISPM-15 compliant) to protect art during long-distance or international transit.

Fabrication

Crating

The process of building a custom-engineered wooden box (often heat-treated and ISPM-15 compliant) to protect art during long-distance or international transit.

Fabrication

Duty of care

The legal and moral obligation to ensure the safety and well-being of our staff.

Sustainability

Duty of care

The legal and moral obligation to ensure the safety and well-being of our staff.

Sustainability

Emission factor

A representative value that relates the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with a specific activity, such as purchasing raw materials, energy consumption or kilometers driven.

Sustainability

Emission factor

A representative value that relates the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with a specific activity, such as purchasing raw materials, energy consumption or kilometers driven.

Sustainability

FSC-Certified

Wood/cardboard sourced from forests that are managed to prevent deforestation and preserve biodiversity.

Sustainability

FSC-Certified

Wood/cardboard sourced from forests that are managed to prevent deforestation and preserve biodiversity.

Sustainability

GHG protocol (Greenhouse Gas Protocol)

The global standard for measuring and managing emissions. It is divided into three scopes:

  • Scope 1: Direct emissions (i.e. Fuel used by company vehicles).

  • Scope 2: Indirect emissions (i.e. purchased electricity).

  • Scope 3: All other indirect emissions (i.e. supply chain and air freight).

  • Total: Representing the carbon footprint of Eythos

Sustainability

GHG protocol (Greenhouse Gas Protocol)

The global standard for measuring and managing emissions. It is divided into three scopes:

  • Scope 1: Direct emissions (i.e. Fuel used by company vehicles).

  • Scope 2: Indirect emissions (i.e. purchased electricity).

  • Scope 3: All other indirect emissions (i.e. supply chain and air freight).

  • Total: Representing the carbon footprint of Eythos

Sustainability

Global Warning Potential (GWP)

This index measures how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific time (usually 100 years), relative to CO2. It allows us to compare the climate impact of different gases and calculate our total carbon footprint in CO2 equivalents. The higher the number, the more impact on Global Warning.

Sustainability

Global Warning Potential (GWP)

This index measures how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific time (usually 100 years), relative to CO2. It allows us to compare the climate impact of different gases and calculate our total carbon footprint in CO2 equivalents. The higher the number, the more impact on Global Warning.

Sustainability

Green buildings

Third-party verification that a building meets specific environmental, energy, and health standards. Certified warehouses use significantly less energy for climate control systems essential for art storage. Both Hong Kong and Seoul are LEED Gold.

Sustainability

Green buildings

Third-party verification that a building meets specific environmental, energy, and health standards. Certified warehouses use significantly less energy for climate control systems essential for art storage. Both Hong Kong and Seoul are LEED Gold.

Sustainability

Green facilities

Facilities designed to be energy efficient, LED lighting, motion sensors, high efficiency HVAC system and high-performance insulation. More and more governmental institutions will require their logistics partners to store works in certified "green" facilities.

Sustainability

Green facilities

Facilities designed to be energy efficient, LED lighting, motion sensors, high efficiency HVAC system and high-performance insulation. More and more governmental institutions will require their logistics partners to store works in certified "green" facilities.

Sustainability

Greenwashing

Practice of making misleading or unsubstantiated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or policy to appear more sustainable than a company actually is.

Sustainability

Greenwashing

Practice of making misleading or unsubstantiated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or policy to appear more sustainable than a company actually is.

Sustainability

Labour standards

Policies that ensure fair wages, and the right to a safe workplace, aligned with Hong Kong, South Korea Law and international ESG benchmarks.

Sustainability

Labour standards

Policies that ensure fair wages, and the right to a safe workplace, aligned with Hong Kong, South Korea Law and international ESG benchmarks.

Sustainability

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

A systematic analysis of the environmental impact of a product (like a specific type of foam or crate) during its entire life—from "cradle to grave."

Sustainability

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

A systematic analysis of the environmental impact of a product (like a specific type of foam or crate) during its entire life—from "cradle to grave."

Sustainability

Museum crate

Eythos Museum Crate

The highest quality crate series are the “Eythos Museum”. These provide maximum protection against mechanical shock, vibration, and climate variations. Inside the Museum Crate structure, a complete inner crate floats within an outer frame, isolated by calibrated shock absorbers. The design offers mechanical decoupling to minimise vibration loads, and it is especially adapted to air or sea freight of ultra-sensitive artworks. Hygrothermal insulation includes multi-panel wall systems with insulating cores, making them ideal for high-value loans or governmental collection shipments. Built per case, no two +++ crates are alike.

Fabrication

Museum crate

Eythos Museum Crate

The highest quality crate series are the “Eythos Museum”. These provide maximum protection against mechanical shock, vibration, and climate variations. Inside the Museum Crate structure, a complete inner crate floats within an outer frame, isolated by calibrated shock absorbers. The design offers mechanical decoupling to minimise vibration loads, and it is especially adapted to air or sea freight of ultra-sensitive artworks. Hygrothermal insulation includes multi-panel wall systems with insulating cores, making them ideal for high-value loans or governmental collection shipments. Built per case, no two +++ crates are alike.

Fabrication

Net-zero

Achieving a balance between the greenhouse gases put into the atmosphere and those taken out. We have set up to reach this stage by 2035.

Sustainability

Net-zero

Achieving a balance between the greenhouse gases put into the atmosphere and those taken out. We have set up to reach this stage by 2035.

Sustainability

Release form

A document signed by the recipient acknowledging that the art has been delivered and the carrier’s responsibility has ended.

Operations

Release form

A document signed by the recipient acknowledging that the art has been delivered and the carrier’s responsibility has ended.

Operations

Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)

Tradable instruments represent proof that one megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated from a renewable source and delivered to the grid, allowing companies to claim green energy use. According to RE100 guidelines, certificates must be purchased in the country of operations to be valid and prevent greenwashing.

Sustainability

Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)

Tradable instruments represent proof that one megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated from a renewable source and delivered to the grid, allowing companies to claim green energy use. According to RE100 guidelines, certificates must be purchased in the country of operations to be valid and prevent greenwashing.

Sustainability

Rigging

Using heavy machinery, such as cranes or forklifts, to move oversized or incredibly heavy sculptures.

Operations

Rigging

Using heavy machinery, such as cranes or forklifts, to move oversized or incredibly heavy sculptures.

Operations

Social impact

The effect Eythos has on the art communities, including supporting local artists, or internships for students...

Sustainability

Social impact

The effect Eythos has on the art communities, including supporting local artists, or internships for students...

Sustainability

Soft packing

Wrapping an object in non-abrasive materials (like glassine, bubble wrap, or foam) without a wooden crate; usually for short-distance transport.

Operations

Soft packing

Wrapping an object in non-abrasive materials (like glassine, bubble wrap, or foam) without a wooden crate; usually for short-distance transport.

Operations

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

Renewable fuels produced from waste, biomass or biogass. It reduces lifecycle CO2 emissions by up to 85% without requiring engine modifications.

Sustainability

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

Renewable fuels produced from waste, biomass or biogass. It reduces lifecycle CO2 emissions by up to 85% without requiring engine modifications.

Sustainability

T-frame

A wooden support structure built around a painting or a delicate object to allow it to be moved without touching the surface.

Fabrication

T-frame

A wooden support structure built around a painting or a delicate object to allow it to be moved without touching the surface.

Fabrication

Transparency

The practice of being open and honest about our operations, including how we calculate our carbon footprint and how we select our suppliers.

Sustainability

Transparency

The practice of being open and honest about our operations, including how we calculate our carbon footprint and how we select our suppliers.

Sustainability

Transportation mode shift

Switching from high-carbon transport (like air freight) to lower-carbon alternatives (like sea or road freight) whenever the timeline and safety of the art allows.

Sustainability

Transportation mode shift

Switching from high-carbon transport (like air freight) to lower-carbon alternatives (like sea or road freight) whenever the timeline and safety of the art allows.

Sustainability

Viewing room

A secure, gallery-quality space within a storage facility where collectors can inspect their pieces.

Art Storage

Viewing room

A secure, gallery-quality space within a storage facility where collectors can inspect their pieces.

Art Storage

Eythos Hong Kong

Unit 3, 1/F, Goodman Interlink

39 Tsing Yi Road

Hong Kong

+852 3580 8600

Eythos SkyTopia

Our Hong Kong Airport facility is launching Q4 2026

+852 3580 8600

Eythos Korea

4F, 700 Dream-ro

Seo-gu, Incheon 

Republic of Korea, 22880

+82 70 4416 0513

Gallery Climate Coalition 2024 logo

Eythos has been an Active Member of Gallery Climate Coalition since 2024.

© 2026 Eythos

Eythos Hong Kong

Unit 3, 1/F, Goodman Interlink

39 Tsing Yi Road

Hong Kong

+852 3580 8600

Eythos SkyTopia

Our Hong Kong Airport facility is launching Q4 2026

+852 3580 8600

Eythos Korea

4F, 700 Dream-ro

Seo-gu, Incheon 

Republic of Korea, 22880

+82 70 4416 0513

Gallery Climate Coalition 2024 logo

Eythos has been an Active Member of Gallery Climate Coalition since 2024.

© 2026 Eythos

Eythos Hong Kong

Unit 3, 1/F, Goodman Interlink

39 Tsing Yi Road

Hong Kong

+852 3580 8600

Eythos SkyTopia

Our Hong Kong Airport facility is launching Q4 2026

+852 3580 8600

Eythos Korea

4F, 700 Dream-ro

Seo-gu, Incheon 

Republic of Korea, 22880

+82 70 4416 0513

Gallery Climate Coalition 2024 logo

Eythos has been an Active Member of Gallery Climate Coalition since 2024.

© 2026 Eythos