Glossary
Welcome to your comprehensive guide to the language of the art world. Navigating this industry requires a unique vocabulary that bridges the gap between creative expression and technical precision.
Whether you are deciphering the nuances of an art history movement, coordinating the complex logistics of international transport, or implementing sustainability initiatives for a low-carbon art fair presence, clarity is key.
This glossary provides a curated roadmap through the essential terminology of art handling and operations, ensuring that collectors, curators, and logistics professionals alike can speak the same language. From the white-glove standards of the gallery floor to the rugged requirements of the shipping crate, you’ll find the definitions you need to master the art of the trade.
Airside supervision
A service where a logistics agent physically watches the artwork being loaded onto or unloaded from an aircraft on the tarmac.
Operations
Airside supervision
A service where a logistics agent physically watches the artwork being loaded onto or unloaded from an aircraft on the tarmac.
Operations
Anti-corruption & ethics
Strict policies preventing bribery, conflicts of interest, or unethical behaviour in the procurement of logistics contracts.
Sustainability
Anti-corruption & ethics
Strict policies preventing bribery, conflicts of interest, or unethical behaviour in the procurement of logistics contracts.
Sustainability
Art handler / Art technician
A trained professional who specialises in the physical handling, packing, and installation of artworks.
Operations
Art handler / Art technician
A trained professional who specialises in the physical handling, packing, and installation of artworks.
Operations
Bill of Lading ('BOL' or 'B/L')
A legal document between the shipper and the carrier detailing the type, quantity, and destination of the goods.
Sustainability
Bill of Lading ('BOL' or 'B/L')
A legal document between the shipper and the carrier detailing the type, quantity, and destination of the goods.
Sustainability
Biodegradable vs. compostable
Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally over time (though sometimes leaving residue).
Compostable: Breaks down into organic matter under specific conditions without leaving toxins.
Sustainability
Biodegradable vs. compostable
Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally over time (though sometimes leaving residue).
Compostable: Breaks down into organic matter under specific conditions without leaving toxins.
Sustainability
Bonded Warehouse
A secure facility where goods can be stored without paying duties or taxes until the items are officially "entered" into the country.
Art Storage
Bonded Warehouse
A secure facility where goods can be stored without paying duties or taxes until the items are officially "entered" into the country.
Art Storage
Capacity building
Continuous training of Eythos' team, such as specialised training in museum-standard packing or forklift driving licences.
Sustainability
Capacity building
Continuous training of Eythos' team, such as specialised training in museum-standard packing or forklift driving licences.
Sustainability
Carbon footprint
The total amount of greenhouse gases (including methane and carbon dioxide) generated by our actions related to Scope 1, 2 and 3.
Sustainability
Carbon footprint
The total amount of greenhouse gases (including methane and carbon dioxide) generated by our actions related to Scope 1, 2 and 3.
Sustainability
Carbon neutrality
Refers to achieving a state in which the greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere are balanced by an equivalent amount being removed.
Sustainability
Carbon neutrality
Refers to achieving a state in which the greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere are balanced by an equivalent amount being removed.
Sustainability
Carbon offset
Refers to a tradable credit representing the removal or prevention of one tonne of CO2. Companies buy them to balance unavoidable emissions by funding external environmental projects certified by third party auditors such as Gold Standard or Verra.
Sustainability
Carbon offset
Refers to a tradable credit representing the removal or prevention of one tonne of CO2. Companies buy them to balance unavoidable emissions by funding external environmental projects certified by third party auditors such as Gold Standard or Verra.
Sustainability
Certificate of Insurance (COI)
Proof that the artwork is covered against loss or damage during the logistical process.
Operations
Certificate of Insurance (COI)
Proof that the artwork is covered against loss or damage during the logistical process.
Operations
Climate control
Maintaining specific temperature and humidity levels (typically 21°C and 50% relative humidity) within a vehicle or warehouse to prevent material degradation.
Art Storage
Climate control
Maintaining specific temperature and humidity levels (typically 21°C and 50% relative humidity) within a vehicle or warehouse to prevent material degradation.
Art Storage
Climate crate
The Eythos Climate Crate is a premium solution engineered for artworks sensitive to temperature and humidity fluctuations. Its multi-layer plywood walls are internally coated with vapour barriers, thermal insulation foam, and hygroscopic panels. Optional inclusion of Silica gel compartments, hygrothermographs, and data loggers provides real-time monitoring.
It is designed to withstand both air freight and long-term storage in uncontrolled environments.
Fabrication
Climate crate
The Eythos Climate Crate is a premium solution engineered for artworks sensitive to temperature and humidity fluctuations. Its multi-layer plywood walls are internally coated with vapour barriers, thermal insulation foam, and hygroscopic panels. Optional inclusion of Silica gel compartments, hygrothermographs, and data loggers provides real-time monitoring.
It is designed to withstand both air freight and long-term storage in uncontrolled environments.
Fabrication
Closed-loop recycling
A process where a product is recycled back into itself (e.g., used polyethylene foam processed back into new foam liners).
Sustainability
Closed-loop recycling
A process where a product is recycled back into itself (e.g., used polyethylene foam processed back into new foam liners).
Sustainability
Compliance
Adhering to local Hong Kong and South Korea laws (like the Labour Ordinance) and international industry standards (such as the GCC guidelines).
Sustainability
Compliance
Adhering to local Hong Kong and South Korea laws (like the Labour Ordinance) and international industry standards (such as the GCC guidelines).
Sustainability
Condition report
A detailed document (often including photos) that records the physical state of an artwork before and after transit to track any potential damage.
Operations
Condition report
A detailed document (often including photos) that records the physical state of an artwork before and after transit to track any potential damage.
Operations
Consolidated shipping
Combining multiple smaller shipments into one larger shipment to maximize space use and reduce the total carbon footprint per artwork.
Sustainability
Consolidated shipping
Combining multiple smaller shipments into one larger shipment to maximize space use and reduce the total carbon footprint per artwork.
Sustainability
Consolidation
Combining multiple shipments from different clients into one vehicle or container to reduce costs.
Operations
Consolidation
Combining multiple shipments from different clients into one vehicle or container to reduce costs.
Operations
Corporate governance
The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. It ensures the interests of stakeholders (clients, employees, and the environment) are balanced.
Sustainability
Corporate governance
The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled. It ensures the interests of stakeholders (clients, employees, and the environment) are balanced.
Sustainability
Courier
A representative (often from a museum, but Eythos offers this too for galleries and collectors) who travels with the artwork to oversee every stage of the loading, transit, and installation.
Operations
Courier
A representative (often from a museum, but Eythos offers this too for galleries and collectors) who travels with the artwork to oversee every stage of the loading, transit, and installation.
Operations
Crating
The process of building a custom-engineered wooden box (often heat-treated and ISPM-15 compliant) to protect art during long-distance or international transit.
Fabrication
Crating
The process of building a custom-engineered wooden box (often heat-treated and ISPM-15 compliant) to protect art during long-distance or international transit.
Fabrication
Duty of care
The legal and moral obligation to ensure the safety and well-being of our staff.
Sustainability
Duty of care
The legal and moral obligation to ensure the safety and well-being of our staff.
Sustainability
Emission factor
A representative value that relates the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with a specific activity, such as purchasing raw materials, energy consumption or kilometers driven.
Sustainability
Emission factor
A representative value that relates the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with a specific activity, such as purchasing raw materials, energy consumption or kilometers driven.
Sustainability
FSC-Certified
Wood/cardboard sourced from forests that are managed to prevent deforestation and preserve biodiversity.
Sustainability
FSC-Certified
Wood/cardboard sourced from forests that are managed to prevent deforestation and preserve biodiversity.
Sustainability
GHG protocol (Greenhouse Gas Protocol)
The global standard for measuring and managing emissions. It is divided into three scopes:
Scope 1: Direct emissions (i.e. Fuel used by company vehicles).
Scope 2: Indirect emissions (i.e. purchased electricity).
Scope 3: All other indirect emissions (i.e. supply chain and air freight).
Total: Representing the carbon footprint of Eythos
Sustainability
GHG protocol (Greenhouse Gas Protocol)
The global standard for measuring and managing emissions. It is divided into three scopes:
Scope 1: Direct emissions (i.e. Fuel used by company vehicles).
Scope 2: Indirect emissions (i.e. purchased electricity).
Scope 3: All other indirect emissions (i.e. supply chain and air freight).
Total: Representing the carbon footprint of Eythos
Sustainability
Global Warning Potential (GWP)
This index measures how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific time (usually 100 years), relative to CO2. It allows us to compare the climate impact of different gases and calculate our total carbon footprint in CO2 equivalents. The higher the number, the more impact on Global Warning.
Sustainability
Global Warning Potential (GWP)
This index measures how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere over a specific time (usually 100 years), relative to CO2. It allows us to compare the climate impact of different gases and calculate our total carbon footprint in CO2 equivalents. The higher the number, the more impact on Global Warning.
Sustainability
Green buildings
Third-party verification that a building meets specific environmental, energy, and health standards. Certified warehouses use significantly less energy for climate control systems essential for art storage. Both Hong Kong and Seoul are LEED Gold.
Sustainability
Green buildings
Third-party verification that a building meets specific environmental, energy, and health standards. Certified warehouses use significantly less energy for climate control systems essential for art storage. Both Hong Kong and Seoul are LEED Gold.
Sustainability
Green facilities
Facilities designed to be energy efficient, LED lighting, motion sensors, high efficiency HVAC system and high-performance insulation. More and more governmental institutions will require their logistics partners to store works in certified "green" facilities.
Sustainability
Green facilities
Facilities designed to be energy efficient, LED lighting, motion sensors, high efficiency HVAC system and high-performance insulation. More and more governmental institutions will require their logistics partners to store works in certified "green" facilities.
Sustainability
Greenwashing
Practice of making misleading or unsubstantiated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or policy to appear more sustainable than a company actually is.
Sustainability
Greenwashing
Practice of making misleading or unsubstantiated claims about the environmental benefits of a product or policy to appear more sustainable than a company actually is.
Sustainability
Labour standards
Policies that ensure fair wages, and the right to a safe workplace, aligned with Hong Kong, South Korea Law and international ESG benchmarks.
Sustainability
Labour standards
Policies that ensure fair wages, and the right to a safe workplace, aligned with Hong Kong, South Korea Law and international ESG benchmarks.
Sustainability
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
A systematic analysis of the environmental impact of a product (like a specific type of foam or crate) during its entire life—from "cradle to grave."
Sustainability
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
A systematic analysis of the environmental impact of a product (like a specific type of foam or crate) during its entire life—from "cradle to grave."
Sustainability
Museum crate

The highest quality crate series are the “Eythos Museum”. These provide maximum protection against mechanical shock, vibration, and climate variations. Inside the Museum Crate structure, a complete inner crate floats within an outer frame, isolated by calibrated shock absorbers. The design offers mechanical decoupling to minimise vibration loads, and it is especially adapted to air or sea freight of ultra-sensitive artworks. Hygrothermal insulation includes multi-panel wall systems with insulating cores, making them ideal for high-value loans or governmental collection shipments. Built per case, no two +++ crates are alike.
Fabrication
Museum crate

The highest quality crate series are the “Eythos Museum”. These provide maximum protection against mechanical shock, vibration, and climate variations. Inside the Museum Crate structure, a complete inner crate floats within an outer frame, isolated by calibrated shock absorbers. The design offers mechanical decoupling to minimise vibration loads, and it is especially adapted to air or sea freight of ultra-sensitive artworks. Hygrothermal insulation includes multi-panel wall systems with insulating cores, making them ideal for high-value loans or governmental collection shipments. Built per case, no two +++ crates are alike.
Fabrication
Net-zero
Achieving a balance between the greenhouse gases put into the atmosphere and those taken out. We have set up to reach this stage by 2035.
Sustainability
Net-zero
Achieving a balance between the greenhouse gases put into the atmosphere and those taken out. We have set up to reach this stage by 2035.
Sustainability
Release form
A document signed by the recipient acknowledging that the art has been delivered and the carrier’s responsibility has ended.
Operations
Release form
A document signed by the recipient acknowledging that the art has been delivered and the carrier’s responsibility has ended.
Operations
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
Tradable instruments represent proof that one megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated from a renewable source and delivered to the grid, allowing companies to claim green energy use. According to RE100 guidelines, certificates must be purchased in the country of operations to be valid and prevent greenwashing.
Sustainability
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
Tradable instruments represent proof that one megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated from a renewable source and delivered to the grid, allowing companies to claim green energy use. According to RE100 guidelines, certificates must be purchased in the country of operations to be valid and prevent greenwashing.
Sustainability
Rigging
Using heavy machinery, such as cranes or forklifts, to move oversized or incredibly heavy sculptures.
Operations
Rigging
Using heavy machinery, such as cranes or forklifts, to move oversized or incredibly heavy sculptures.
Operations
Social impact
The effect Eythos has on the art communities, including supporting local artists, or internships for students...
Sustainability
Social impact
The effect Eythos has on the art communities, including supporting local artists, or internships for students...
Sustainability
Soft packing
Wrapping an object in non-abrasive materials (like glassine, bubble wrap, or foam) without a wooden crate; usually for short-distance transport.
Operations
Soft packing
Wrapping an object in non-abrasive materials (like glassine, bubble wrap, or foam) without a wooden crate; usually for short-distance transport.
Operations
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
Renewable fuels produced from waste, biomass or biogass. It reduces lifecycle CO2 emissions by up to 85% without requiring engine modifications.
Sustainability
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
Renewable fuels produced from waste, biomass or biogass. It reduces lifecycle CO2 emissions by up to 85% without requiring engine modifications.
Sustainability
T-frame
A wooden support structure built around a painting or a delicate object to allow it to be moved without touching the surface.
Fabrication
T-frame
A wooden support structure built around a painting or a delicate object to allow it to be moved without touching the surface.
Fabrication
Transparency
The practice of being open and honest about our operations, including how we calculate our carbon footprint and how we select our suppliers.
Sustainability
Transparency
The practice of being open and honest about our operations, including how we calculate our carbon footprint and how we select our suppliers.
Sustainability
Transportation mode shift
Switching from high-carbon transport (like air freight) to lower-carbon alternatives (like sea or road freight) whenever the timeline and safety of the art allows.
Sustainability
Transportation mode shift
Switching from high-carbon transport (like air freight) to lower-carbon alternatives (like sea or road freight) whenever the timeline and safety of the art allows.
Sustainability
Viewing room
A secure, gallery-quality space within a storage facility where collectors can inspect their pieces.
Art Storage
Viewing room
A secure, gallery-quality space within a storage facility where collectors can inspect their pieces.
Art Storage

Eythos has been an Active Member of Gallery Climate Coalition since 2024.

Eythos has been an Active Member of Gallery Climate Coalition since 2024.

Eythos has been an Active Member of Gallery Climate Coalition since 2024.